View source for GTS5:Hereditary mixed polyposis syndrome (GREM1)

[[GTS5:Table_of_Contents|Genetic Tumour Syndromes (Who Classification, 5th ed.)]]
{{Under Construction}}
<span style="color:#0070C0">(''General Instructions – The focus of these pages is the clinically significant genetic alterations in each disease type. This is based on up-to-date knowledge from multiple resources such as PubMed and the WHO classification books. The CCGA is meant to be a supplemental resource to the WHO classification books; the CCGA captures in a continually updated wiki-stye manner the current genetics/genomics knowledge of each disease, which evolves more rapidly than books can be revised and published. If the same disease is described in multiple WHO classification books, the genetics-related information for that disease will be consolidated into a single main page that has this template (other pages would only contain a link to this main page). Use [https://www.genenames.org/ <u>HUGO-approved gene names and symbols</u>] (italicized when appropriate), [https://varnomen.hgvs.org/ <u>HGVS-based nomenclature for variants</u>], as well as generic names of drugs and testing platforms or assays if applicable. Please complete tables whenever possible and do not delete them (add N/A if not applicable in the table and delete the examples); to add (or move) a row or column in a table, click nearby within the table and select the > symbol that appears. Please do not delete or alter the section headings. The use of bullet points alongside short blocks of text rather than only large paragraphs is encouraged. Additional instructions below in italicized blue text should not be included in the final page content. Please also see'' </span><u>''[[Author_Instructions]]''</u><span style="color:#0070C0"> ''and [[Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)|<u>FAQs</u>]] as well as contact your [[Leadership|<u>Associate Editor</u>]] or [mailto:CCGA@cancergenomics.org <u>Technical Support</u>].)''</span>
==Primary Author(s)*==
Put your text here<span style="color:#0070C0"> (''<span class="blue-text">EXAMPLE:</span>'' Jane Smith, PhD) </span>
==WHO Classification of Disease==

{| class="wikitable"
!Structure
!Disease
|-
|Book
|Genetic Tumour Syndromes (5th ed.)
|-
|Category
|Growth factor receptors and related signalling pathways
|-
|Family
|WNT/TGFbeta pathway
|-
|Type
|Hereditary mixed polyposis syndrome (GREM1)
|-
|Subtype(s)
|N/A
|}

==Related Terminology==

{| class="wikitable"
|+
|Acceptable
|N/A
|-
|Not Recommended
|Colorectal cancer, susceptibility to, 4 (CRCS4); Colorectal cancer, susceptibility to, on chromosome 15
|}

==Definition/Description of Disease==
Put your text here <span style="color:#0070C0">(''Instructions: Include a brief general clinical description, diagnostic criteria, and differential diagnosis if applicable. Include disease context relative to other WHO classification categories, i.e. describe any information relevant to the genetic aspects of the disease from all WHO classification books in which the syndrome is described.'')</span>
==Epidemiology/Prevalence==
Put your text here
==Genetic Abnormalities: Germline==
Put your text here and fill in the table <span style="color:#0070C0">(''Instructions: Describe germline alteration(s) that cause the syndrome. In the notes, include additional details about most common mutations including founder mutations, mechanisms of molecular pathogenesis, alteration-specific prognosis and any other important genetics-related information. If multiple causes of the syndrome, include relative prevalence of genetic contributions to that syndrome. Please include references throughout the table. Do not delete the table.'')</span>
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
!Gene!!Genetic Variant or Variant Type!!Molecular Pathogenesis!!Inheritance, Penetrance, Expressivity
!Notes
|-
|<span class="blue-text">EXAMPLE:</span> ''BRCA1''||<span class="blue-text">EXAMPLE:</span> Many||<span class="blue-text">EXAMPLE:</span> Multiple variant types leading to loss of function||<span class="blue-text">EXAMPLE:</span> Autosomal recessive, 
~30% penetrant for carriers 
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|-
|<span class="blue-text">EXAMPLE:</span> Gene X
|<span class="blue-text">EXAMPLE:</span> List the specific mutation
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==Genetic Abnormalities: Somatic==
Put your text here and fill in the table <span style="color:#0070C0">(''Instructions: Describe significant second hit mutations, or somatic variants that present as a germline syndrome. In the notes, include details about most common mutations, mechanisms of molecular pathogenesis, alteration-specific prognosis and any other important genetic-related information. Please include references throughout the table. Do not delete the table.'')</span>
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
!Gene!!Genetic Variant or Variant Type!!Molecular Pathogenesis!!Inheritance, Penetrance, Expressivity
!Notes
|-
|<span class="blue-text">EXAMPLE:</span> ''BRCA1''||<span class="blue-text">EXAMPLE:</span> Biallelic inactivation variants||<span class="blue-text">EXAMPLE:</span> Second hit mutation can occur as copy neutral LOH, inactivating mutation, deletion, promoter hypermethylation, or a structural abnormality disrupting the gene.||
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|-
|<span class="blue-text">EXAMPLE:</span> ''BRCA1''
|<span class="blue-text">EXAMPLE:</span> Reversion mutation
|<span class="blue-text">EXAMPLE:</span> After exposure to certain therapies (e.g. PARP inhibitors), a second mutation may restore gene function as a resistance mechanism.
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==Genes and Main Pathways Involved==
Put your text here and fill in the table <span style="color:#0070C0">(''Instructions: Please include references throughout the table. Do not delete the table.)''</span>
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
!Gene; Genetic Alteration!!Pathway!!Pathophysiologic Outcome
|-
|<span class="blue-text">EXAMPLE:</span> ''BRAF'' and ''MAP2K1''; Activating mutations
|<span class="blue-text">EXAMPLE:</span> MAPK signaling
|<span class="blue-text">EXAMPLE:</span> Increased cell growth and proliferation
|-
|<span class="blue-text">EXAMPLE:</span> ''CDKN2A''; Inactivating mutations
|<span class="blue-text">EXAMPLE:</span> Cell cycle regulation
|<span class="blue-text">EXAMPLE:</span> Unregulated cell division
|-
|<span class="blue-text">EXAMPLE:</span> ''KMT2C'' and ''ARID1A''; Inactivating mutations
|<span class="blue-text">EXAMPLE:</span> Histone modification, chromatin remodeling
|<span class="blue-text">EXAMPLE:</span> Abnormal gene expression program
|-
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|}
==Genetic Diagnostic Testing Methods==
Put your text here <span style="color:#0070C0">(''Instructions: Include recommended testing type(s) to identify the clinically significant genetic alterations.'')</span>
==Additional Information==
Put your text here
==Links==
Put a link here or anywhere appropriate in this page <span style="color:#0070C0">(''Instructions: Highlight the text to which you want to add a link in this section or elsewhere, select the "Link" icon at the top of the wiki page, and search the name of the internal page to which you want to link this text, or enter an external internet address by including the "<nowiki>http://www</nowiki>." portion.'')</span>
==References==
(use the "Cite" icon at the top of the page) <span style="color:#0070C0">(''Instructions: Add each reference into the text above by clicking where you want to insert the reference, selecting the “Cite” icon at the top of the wiki page, and using the “Automatic” tab option to search by PMID to select the reference to insert. If a PMID is not available, such as for a book, please use the “Cite” icon, select “Manual” and then “Basic Form”, and include the entire reference. To insert the same reference again later in the page, select the “Cite” icon and “Re-use” to find the reference; DO NOT insert the same reference twice using the “Automatic” tab as it will be treated as two separate references. The reference list in this section will be automatically generated and sorted''</span><span style="color:#0070C0">''.''</span><span style="color:#0070C0">)</span>
<references />

==Notes==
<nowiki>*</nowiki>Primary authors will typically be those that initially create and complete the content of a page.  If a subsequent user modifies the content and feels the effort put forth is of high enough significance to warrant listing in the authorship section, please contact the [[Leadership|''<u>Associate Editor</u>'']] or other CCGA representative.  When pages have a major update, the new author will be acknowledged at the beginning of the page, and those who contributed previously will be acknowledged below as a prior author. 

Prior Author(s):  
[[Category:GTS5]][[Category:DISEASE]]