BRST5:Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumour - Revision history

Richard.Glen: Redirected page to STBT5:Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumour

2026-02-03T18:40:01Z

Redirected page to STBT5:Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumour

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:40, 3 February 2026
Line 1:		Line 1:
			#REDIRECT[[STBT5:Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumour]]
	{{DISPLAYTITLE:Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumour}}		{{DISPLAYTITLE:Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumour}}

Bailey.Glen at 17:47, 3 July 2025

2025-07-03T17:47:45Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:47, 3 July 2025
Line 30:		Line 30:
	\|}		\|}

	~~==WHO Essential and Desirable Genetic Diagnostic Criteria==~~


	<span style="color:#0070C0">(''Instructions: The table will have the diagnostic criteria from the WHO book <u>autocompleted</u>; remove any <u>non</u>-genetics related criteria. If applicable, add text about other classification'' ''systems that define this entity and specify how the genetics-related criteria differ.'')</span>
	~~{\| class="wikitable"~~
	\|+
	\|WHO Essential Criteria (Genetics)*
	\|
	\|-
	\|WHO Desirable Criteria (Genetics)*
	\|
	\|-
	~~\|Other Classification~~
	\|
	\|}
	<nowiki>*</nowiki>Note: These are only the genetic/genomic criteria. Additional diagnostic criteria can be found in the [https://tumourclassification.iarc.who.int/home <u>WHO Classification of Tumours</u>].
	==Related Terminology==		==Related Terminology==

Bailey.Glen at 22:07, 25 May 2025

2025-05-25T22:07:14Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:07, 25 May 2025
Line 133:		Line 133:
	{\| class="wikitable sortable"		{\| class="wikitable sortable"
	\|-		\|-
	!Chr #!!~~'''~~Gain, Loss, Amp, LOH~~'''~~!!~~'''~~Minimal Region Cytoband and/or Genomic Coordinates [Genome Build; Size]~~'''~~!!~~'''~~Relevant Gene(s)~~'''~~		!Chr #!!Gain, Loss, Amp, LOH!!Minimal Region Cytoband and/or Genomic Coordinates [Genome Build; Size]!!Relevant Gene(s)
	!~~'''~~Diagnostic, Prognostic, and Therapeutic Significance - D, P, T~~'''~~		!Diagnostic, Prognostic, and Therapeutic Significance - D, P, T
	!~~'''~~Established Clinical Significance Per Guidelines - Yes or No (Source)~~'''~~		!Established Clinical Significance Per Guidelines - Yes or No (Source)
	!~~'''~~Clinical Relevance Details/Other Notes~~'''~~		!Clinical Relevance Details/Other Notes
	\|-		\|-
	\|		\|
Line 162:		Line 162:
	!Chromosomal Pattern		!Chromosomal Pattern
	!Molecular Pathogenesis		!Molecular Pathogenesis
	!~~'''~~Prevalence -~~'''~~		!Prevalence -
	~~'''~~Common >20%, Recurrent 5-20% or Rare <5% (Disease)~~'''~~		Common >20%, Recurrent 5-20% or Rare <5% (Disease)
	!~~'''~~Diagnostic, Prognostic, and Therapeutic Significance - D, P, T~~'''~~		!Diagnostic, Prognostic, and Therapeutic Significance - D, P, T
	!~~'''~~Established Clinical Significance Per Guidelines - Yes or No (Source)~~'''~~		!Established Clinical Significance Per Guidelines - Yes or No (Source)
	!~~'''~~Clinical Relevance Details/Other Notes~~'''~~		!Clinical Relevance Details/Other Notes
	\|-		\|-
	\|		\|
Line 188:		Line 188:
	{\| class="wikitable sortable"		{\| class="wikitable sortable"
	\|-		\|-
	!Gene!!~~'''~~Genetic Alteration~~'''~~!!~~'''~~Tumor Suppressor Gene, Oncogene, Other~~'''~~!!~~'''~~Prevalence -~~'''~~		!Gene!!Genetic Alteration!!Tumor Suppressor Gene, Oncogene, Other!!Prevalence -
	~~'''~~Common >20%, Recurrent 5-20% or Rare <5% (Disease)~~'''~~		Common >20%, Recurrent 5-20% or Rare <5% (Disease)
	!~~'''~~Diagnostic, Prognostic, and Therapeutic Significance - D, P, T ~~'''~~		!Diagnostic, Prognostic, and Therapeutic Significance - D, P, T
	!~~'''~~Established Clinical Significance Per Guidelines - Yes or No (Source)~~'''~~		!Established Clinical Significance Per Guidelines - Yes or No (Source)
	!~~'''~~Clinical Relevance Details/Other Notes~~'''~~		!Clinical Relevance Details/Other Notes
	\|-		\|-
	\|<br />		\|<br />

Bailey.Glen at 20:30, 25 May 2025

2025-05-25T20:30:24Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:30, 25 May 2025
Line 48:		Line 48:
	==Related Terminology==		==Related Terminology==


	~~<span style="color:#0070C0">(''Instructions: The table will have the related terminology from the WHO <u>autocompleted</u>.)''</span>~~
	{\| class="wikitable"		{\| class="wikitable"
	\|+		\|+
	\|Acceptable		\|Acceptable
	\|		\|N/A
	\|-		\|-
	\|Not Recommended		\|Not Recommended
	\|		\|Inflammatory pseudotumour
	\|}		\|}

Bailey.Glen: Repeat columns removed

2025-03-27T13:35:10Z

Repeat columns removed

Show changes

Bailey.Glen at 18:12, 24 March 2025

2025-03-24T18:12:21Z

Show changes

Kgeiersbach at 04:41, 9 January 2025

2025-01-09T04:41:48Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:41, 8 January 2025
Line 1:		Line 1:
	<br />		<br />
	==Primary Author(s)*==		==Primary Author(s)*==
	Katherine Geiersbach, MD		Katherine Geiersbach, MD, Mayo Clinic - Rochester, MN, USA
	==WHO Classification of Disease==		==WHO Classification of Disease==
	<span style="color:#0070C0">(''Instructions: This table’s content from the WHO book will be <u>autocompleted</u>.'')</span>		<span style="color:#0070C0">(''Instructions: This table’s content from the WHO book will be <u>autocompleted</u>.'')</span>

Kgeiersbach at 02:27, 9 January 2025

2025-01-09T02:27:12Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:27, 8 January 2025
Line 1:		Line 1:
	<span style="color:#0070C0">(''General Instructions – The focus of these pages is the clinically significant genetic alterations in each disease type. This is based on up-to-date knowledge from multiple resources such as PubMed and the WHO classification books. The CCGA is meant to be a supplemental resource to the WHO classification books; the CCGA captures in a continually updated wiki-stye manner the current genetics/genomics knowledge of each disease, which evolves more rapidly than books can be revised and published. If the same disease is described in multiple WHO classification books, the genetics-related information for that disease will be consolidated into a single main page that has this template (other pages would only contain a link to this main page). Use [https://www.genenames.org/ <u>HUGO-approved gene names and symbols</u>] (italicized when appropriate), [https://varnomen.hgvs.org/ <u>HGVS-based nomenclature for variants</u>], as well as generic names of drugs and testing platforms or assays if applicable. Please complete tables whenever possible and do not delete them (add N/A if not applicable in the table and delete the examples); to add (or move) a row or column in a table, click nearby within the table and select the > symbol that appears. Please do not delete or alter the section headings. The use of bullet points alongside short blocks of text rather than only large paragraphs is encouraged. Additional instructions below in italicized blue text should not be included in the final page content. Please also see'' </span><u>''[[Author_Instructions]]''</u><span style="color:#0070C0"> ''and [[Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)\|<u>FAQs</u>]] as well as contact your [[Leadership\|<u>Associate Editor</u>]] or [mailto:CCGA@cancergenomics.org <u>Technical Support</u>].)''</span>		<br />
	==Primary Author(s)*==		==Primary Author(s)*==
	~~Yajuan Liu, PhD and~~ Katherine Geiersbach, MD		Katherine Geiersbach, MD
	==WHO Classification of Disease==		==WHO Classification of Disease==
	<span style="color:#0070C0">(''Instructions: This table’s content from the WHO book will be <u>autocompleted</u>.'')</span>		<span style="color:#0070C0">(''Instructions: This table’s content from the WHO book will be <u>autocompleted</u>.'')</span>
Line 216:		Line 216:
	Prior Author(s):		Prior Author(s):

	<br />		Yajuan Liu, PhD<br />
	==References==		==References==
	<br />		<br />
	<references />		<references />

Kgeiersbach at 02:26, 9 January 2025

2025-01-09T02:26:16Z

Show changes

Kgeiersbach at 21:14, 27 December 2024

2024-12-27T21:14:40Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:14, 27 December 2024
Line 49:		Line 49:

	==Gene Rearrangements==		==Gene Rearrangements==
	Formerly referred to as inflammatory pseudotumor, inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor of the breast relies upon morphologic, immunohistochemical, and/or molecular features shared in common with other primary tumor sites.<ref>{{Cite journal\|last=Khanafshar\|first=Elham\|last2=Phillipson\|first2=Julia\|last3=Schammel\|first3=David P.\|last4=Minobe\|first4=Lorraine\|last5=Cymerman\|first5=Judith\|last6=Weidner\|first6=Noel\|date=2005-06\|title=Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor of the breast\|url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15944952\|journal=Annals of Diagnostic Pathology\|volume=9\|issue=3\|pages=123–129\|doi=10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2005.02.001\|issn=1092-9134\|pmid=15944952}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal\|last=Haj\|first=Mahmoud\|last2=Weiss\|first2=Michael\|last3=Loberant\|first3=Norman\|last4=Cohen\|first4=Isaac\|date=2003\|title=Inflammatory pseudotumor of the breast: case report and literature review\|url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12968967\|journal=The Breast Journal\|volume=9\|issue=5\|pages=423–425\|doi=10.1046/j.1524-4741.2003.09516.x\|issn=1075-122X\|pmid=12968967}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal\|last=Zhao\|first=Hua-Dong\|last2=Wu\|first2=Tao\|last3=Wang\|first3=Jun-Qing\|last4=Zhang\|first4=Wen-Dong\|last5=He\|first5=Xian-Li\|last6=Bao\|first6=Guo-Qiang\|last7=Li\|first7=Yi\|last8=Gong\|first8=Li\|last9=Wang\|first9=Qing\|date=2013-01\|title=Primary inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor of the breast with rapid recurrence and metastasis: A case report\|url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23255901\|journal=Oncology Letters\|volume=5\|issue=1\|pages=97–100\|doi=10.3892/ol.2012.948\|issn=1792-1074\|pmc=3525499\|pmid=23255901}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal\|last=Kovács\|first=Anikó\|last2=Máthé\|first2=Gyöngyvér\|last3=Mattsson\|first3=Jan\|last4=Stenman\|first4=Göran\|last5=Kindblom\|first5=Lars-Gunnar\|date=2015\|title=ALK-Positive Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor of the Nipple During Pregnancy-An Unusual Presentation of a Rare Disease\|url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25772857\|journal=The Breast Journal\|volume=21\|issue=3\|pages=297–302\|doi=10.1111/tbj.12404\|issn=1524-4741\|pmid=25772857}}</ref> Confirmation of ALK or other ~~gene rearrangements~~ supports the diagnosis and can identify therapeutic targets<ref>{{Cite journal\|last=Chmiel\|first=Paulina\|last2=SłOWIKOWSKA\|first2=Aleksandra\|last3=Banaszek\|first3=Łukasz\|last4=Szumera-CIEćKIEWICZ\|first4=Anna\|last5=Szostakowski\|first5=BARTłOMIEJ\|last6=SPAłEK\|first6=Mateusz J.\|last7=Świtaj\|first7=Tomasz\|last8=Rutkowski\|first8=Piotr\|last9=Czarnecka\|first9=Anna M.\|date=2024\|title=Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor from molecular diagnostics to current treatment\|url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38948020\|journal=Oncology Research\|volume=32\|issue=7\|pages=1141–1162\|doi=10.32604/or.2024.050350\|issn=1555-3906\|pmc=PMC11209743\|pmid=38948020}}</ref>. However, molecular confirmation is not required if ALK immunohistochemistry is definitively positive.<ref>{{Cite journal\|last=Coffin\|first=C. M.\|last2=Patel\|first2=A.\|last3=Perkins\|first3=S.\|last4=Elenitoba-Johnson\|first4=K. S.\|last5=Perlman\|first5=E.\|last6=Griffin\|first6=C. A.\|date=2001-06\|title=ALK1 and p80 expression and chromosomal rearrangements involving 2p23 in inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor\|url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11406658\|journal=Modern Pathology: An Official Journal of the United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology, Inc\|volume=14\|issue=6\|pages=569–576\|doi=10.1038/modpathol.3880352\|issn=0893-3952\|pmid=11406658}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal\|last=Cook\|first=J. R.\|last2=Dehner\|first2=L. P.\|last3=Collins\|first3=M. H.\|last4=Ma\|first4=Z.\|last5=Morris\|first5=S. W.\|last6=Coffin\|first6=C. M.\|last7=Hill\|first7=D. A.\|date=2001-11\|title=Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) expression in the inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor: a comparative immunohistochemical study\|url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11684952\|journal=The American Journal of Surgical Pathology\|volume=25\|issue=11\|pages=1364–1371\|doi=10.1097/00000478-200111000-00003\|issn=0147-5185\|pmid=11684952}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal\|last=Pickett\|first=Justine L.\|last2=Chou\|first2=Angela\|last3=Andrici\|first3=Juliana A.\|last4=Clarkson\|first4=Adele\|last5=Sioson\|first5=Loretta\|last6=Sheen\|first6=Amy\|last7=Reagh\|first7=Jessica\|last8=Najdawi\|first8=Fedaa\|last9=Kim\|first9=Yoomee\|date=2017-10\|title=Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumors of the Female Genital Tract Are Under-recognized: A Low Threshold for ALK Immunohistochemistry Is Required\|url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28731868\|journal=The American Journal of Surgical Pathology\|volume=41\|issue=10\|pages=1433–1442\|doi=10.1097/PAS.0000000000000909\|issn=1532-0979\|pmc=5598906\|pmid=28731868}}</ref> Of note, exceptional situations such as ~~inversion~~ of ALK ~~on the same chromosome arm~~ may lead to a false-negative FISH result<ref>{{Cite journal\|last=Haimes\|first=Josh D.\|last2=Stewart\|first2=Colin J. R.\|last3=Kudlow\|first3=Brian A.\|last4=Culver\|first4=Brady P.\|last5=Meng\|first5=Bo\|last6=Koay\|first6=Eleanor\|last7=Whitehouse\|first7=Ann\|last8=Cope\|first8=Nichola\|last9=Lee\|first9=Jen-Chieh\|date=2017-06\|title=Uterine Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumors Frequently Harbor ALK Fusions With IGFBP5 and THBS1\|url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28490045\|journal=The American Journal of Surgical Pathology\|volume=41\|issue=6\|pages=773–780\|doi=10.1097/PAS.0000000000000801\|issn=1532-0979\|pmid=28490045}}</ref>, and other molecular testing such as RNA-Seq can be used to detect ALK fusions efficiently. In ALK-negative cases, immunohistochemistry for ROS1 and/or molecular tests for non-ALK gene fusions ~~(e.g. NTRK3)~~ may be useful.<ref>{{Cite journal\|last=Hornick\|first=Jason L.\|last2=Sholl\|first2=Lynette M.\|last3=Dal Cin\|first3=Paola\|last4=Childress\|first4=Merrida A.\|last5=Lovly\|first5=Christine M.\|date=2015-05\|title=Expression of ROS1 predicts ROS1 gene rearrangement in inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors\|url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25612511\|journal=Modern Pathology: An Official Journal of the United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology, Inc\|volume=28\|issue=5\|pages=732–739\|doi=10.1038/modpathol.2014.165\|issn=1530-0285\|pmc=5874150\|pmid=25612511}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal\|last=Yamamoto\|first=Hidetaka\|last2=Yoshida\|first2=Akihiko\|last3=Taguchi\|first3=Kenichi\|last4=Kohashi\|first4=Kenichi\|last5=Hatanaka\|first5=Yui\|last6=Yamashita\|first6=Atsushi\|last7=Mori\|first7=Daisuke\|last8=Oda\|first8=Yoshinao\|date=2016-07\|title=ALK, ROS1 and NTRK3 gene rearrangements in inflammatory myofibroblastic tumours\|url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26647767\|journal=Histopathology\|volume=69\|issue=1\|pages=72–83\|doi=10.1111/his.12910\|issn=1365-2559\|pmid=26647767}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal\|last=Lovly\|first=Christine M.\|last2=Gupta\|first2=Abha\|last3=Lipson\|first3=Doron\|last4=Otto\|first4=Geoff\|last5=Brennan\|first5=Tina\|last6=Chung\|first6=Catherine T.\|last7=Borinstein\|first7=Scott C.\|last8=Ross\|first8=Jeffrey S.\|last9=Stephens\|first9=Philip J.\|date=2014-08\|title=Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors harbor multiple potentially actionable kinase fusions\|url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24875859\|journal=Cancer Discovery\|volume=4\|issue=8\|pages=889–895\|doi=10.1158/2159-8290.CD-14-0377\|issn=2159-8290\|pmc=4125481\|pmid=24875859}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal\|last=Alassiri\|first=Ali H.\|last2=Ali\|first2=Rola H.\|last3=Shen\|first3=Yaoqing\|last4=Lum\|first4=Amy\|last5=Strahlendorf\|first5=Caron\|last6=Deyell\|first6=Rebecca\|last7=Rassekh\|first7=Rod\|last8=Sorensen\|first8=Poul H.\|last9=Laskin\|first9=Janessa\|date=2016-08\|title=ETV6-NTRK3 Is Expressed in a Subset of ALK-Negative Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumors\|url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27259007\|journal=The American Journal of Surgical Pathology\|volume=40\|issue=8\|pages=1051–1061\|doi=10.1097/PAS.0000000000000677\|issn=1532-0979\|pmid=27259007}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal\|last=Antonescu\|first=Cristina R.\|last2=Suurmeijer\|first2=Albert J. H.\|last3=Zhang\|first3=Lei\|last4=Sung\|first4=Yun-Shao\|last5=Jungbluth\|first5=Achim A.\|last6=Travis\|first6=William D.\|last7=Al-Ahmadie\|first7=Hikmat\|last8=Fletcher\|first8=Christopher D. M.\|last9=Alaggio\|first9=Rita\|date=2015-07\|title=Molecular characterization of inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors with frequent ALK and ROS1 gene fusions and rare novel RET rearrangement\|url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25723109\|journal=The American Journal of Surgical Pathology\|volume=39\|issue=7\|pages=957–967\|doi=10.1097/PAS.0000000000000404\|issn=1532-0979\|pmc=4465992\|pmid=25723109}}</ref> <span style="color:#0070C0">(''Instructions: Details on clinical significance such as prognosis and other important information can be provided in the notes section. Please include references throughout the table. Do not delete the table.'')</span>		Formerly referred to as inflammatory pseudotumor, inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor of the breast relies upon morphologic, immunohistochemical, and/or molecular features shared in common with other primary tumor sites.<ref>{{Cite journal\|last=Khanafshar\|first=Elham\|last2=Phillipson\|first2=Julia\|last3=Schammel\|first3=David P.\|last4=Minobe\|first4=Lorraine\|last5=Cymerman\|first5=Judith\|last6=Weidner\|first6=Noel\|date=2005-06\|title=Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor of the breast\|url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15944952\|journal=Annals of Diagnostic Pathology\|volume=9\|issue=3\|pages=123–129\|doi=10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2005.02.001\|issn=1092-9134\|pmid=15944952}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal\|last=Haj\|first=Mahmoud\|last2=Weiss\|first2=Michael\|last3=Loberant\|first3=Norman\|last4=Cohen\|first4=Isaac\|date=2003\|title=Inflammatory pseudotumor of the breast: case report and literature review\|url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12968967\|journal=The Breast Journal\|volume=9\|issue=5\|pages=423–425\|doi=10.1046/j.1524-4741.2003.09516.x\|issn=1075-122X\|pmid=12968967}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal\|last=Zhao\|first=Hua-Dong\|last2=Wu\|first2=Tao\|last3=Wang\|first3=Jun-Qing\|last4=Zhang\|first4=Wen-Dong\|last5=He\|first5=Xian-Li\|last6=Bao\|first6=Guo-Qiang\|last7=Li\|first7=Yi\|last8=Gong\|first8=Li\|last9=Wang\|first9=Qing\|date=2013-01\|title=Primary inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor of the breast with rapid recurrence and metastasis: A case report\|url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23255901\|journal=Oncology Letters\|volume=5\|issue=1\|pages=97–100\|doi=10.3892/ol.2012.948\|issn=1792-1074\|pmc=3525499\|pmid=23255901}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal\|last=Kovács\|first=Anikó\|last2=Máthé\|first2=Gyöngyvér\|last3=Mattsson\|first3=Jan\|last4=Stenman\|first4=Göran\|last5=Kindblom\|first5=Lars-Gunnar\|date=2015\|title=ALK-Positive Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor of the Nipple During Pregnancy-An Unusual Presentation of a Rare Disease\|url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25772857\|journal=The Breast Journal\|volume=21\|issue=3\|pages=297–302\|doi=10.1111/tbj.12404\|issn=1524-4741\|pmid=25772857}}</ref> Confirmation of rearrangements of ''ALK'' or, less commonly other receptor tyrosine kinase genes, supports the diagnosis and can identify therapeutic targets<ref>{{Cite journal\|last=Chmiel\|first=Paulina\|last2=SłOWIKOWSKA\|first2=Aleksandra\|last3=Banaszek\|first3=Łukasz\|last4=Szumera-CIEćKIEWICZ\|first4=Anna\|last5=Szostakowski\|first5=BARTłOMIEJ\|last6=SPAłEK\|first6=Mateusz J.\|last7=Świtaj\|first7=Tomasz\|last8=Rutkowski\|first8=Piotr\|last9=Czarnecka\|first9=Anna M.\|date=2024\|title=Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor from molecular diagnostics to current treatment\|url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38948020\|journal=Oncology Research\|volume=32\|issue=7\|pages=1141–1162\|doi=10.32604/or.2024.050350\|issn=1555-3906\|pmc=PMC11209743\|pmid=38948020}}</ref>. However, molecular confirmation is not required if ALK immunohistochemistry is definitively positive.<ref>{{Cite journal\|last=Coffin\|first=C. M.\|last2=Patel\|first2=A.\|last3=Perkins\|first3=S.\|last4=Elenitoba-Johnson\|first4=K. S.\|last5=Perlman\|first5=E.\|last6=Griffin\|first6=C. A.\|date=2001-06\|title=ALK1 and p80 expression and chromosomal rearrangements involving 2p23 in inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor\|url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11406658\|journal=Modern Pathology: An Official Journal of the United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology, Inc\|volume=14\|issue=6\|pages=569–576\|doi=10.1038/modpathol.3880352\|issn=0893-3952\|pmid=11406658}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal\|last=Cook\|first=J. R.\|last2=Dehner\|first2=L. P.\|last3=Collins\|first3=M. H.\|last4=Ma\|first4=Z.\|last5=Morris\|first5=S. W.\|last6=Coffin\|first6=C. M.\|last7=Hill\|first7=D. A.\|date=2001-11\|title=Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) expression in the inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor: a comparative immunohistochemical study\|url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11684952\|journal=The American Journal of Surgical Pathology\|volume=25\|issue=11\|pages=1364–1371\|doi=10.1097/00000478-200111000-00003\|issn=0147-5185\|pmid=11684952}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal\|last=Pickett\|first=Justine L.\|last2=Chou\|first2=Angela\|last3=Andrici\|first3=Juliana A.\|last4=Clarkson\|first4=Adele\|last5=Sioson\|first5=Loretta\|last6=Sheen\|first6=Amy\|last7=Reagh\|first7=Jessica\|last8=Najdawi\|first8=Fedaa\|last9=Kim\|first9=Yoomee\|date=2017-10\|title=Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumors of the Female Genital Tract Are Under-recognized: A Low Threshold for ALK Immunohistochemistry Is Required\|url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28731868\|journal=The American Journal of Surgical Pathology\|volume=41\|issue=10\|pages=1433–1442\|doi=10.1097/PAS.0000000000000909\|issn=1532-0979\|pmc=5598906\|pmid=28731868}}</ref> Of note, exceptional situations such as inversions or other cryptic rearrangements of ''ALK'' at 2p23 may lead to a false-negative FISH result<ref>{{Cite journal\|last=Haimes\|first=Josh D.\|last2=Stewart\|first2=Colin J. R.\|last3=Kudlow\|first3=Brian A.\|last4=Culver\|first4=Brady P.\|last5=Meng\|first5=Bo\|last6=Koay\|first6=Eleanor\|last7=Whitehouse\|first7=Ann\|last8=Cope\|first8=Nichola\|last9=Lee\|first9=Jen-Chieh\|date=2017-06\|title=Uterine Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumors Frequently Harbor ALK Fusions With IGFBP5 and THBS1\|url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28490045\|journal=The American Journal of Surgical Pathology\|volume=41\|issue=6\|pages=773–780\|doi=10.1097/PAS.0000000000000801\|issn=1532-0979\|pmid=28490045}}</ref>, and other molecular testing such as RNA-Seq can be used to detect ''ALK'' fusions efficiently. In ALK-negative cases, immunohistochemistry for ROS1 and/or molecular tests for non-''ALK'' gene fusions may be useful.<ref>{{Cite journal\|last=Hornick\|first=Jason L.\|last2=Sholl\|first2=Lynette M.\|last3=Dal Cin\|first3=Paola\|last4=Childress\|first4=Merrida A.\|last5=Lovly\|first5=Christine M.\|date=2015-05\|title=Expression of ROS1 predicts ROS1 gene rearrangement in inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors\|url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25612511\|journal=Modern Pathology: An Official Journal of the United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology, Inc\|volume=28\|issue=5\|pages=732–739\|doi=10.1038/modpathol.2014.165\|issn=1530-0285\|pmc=5874150\|pmid=25612511}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal\|last=Yamamoto\|first=Hidetaka\|last2=Yoshida\|first2=Akihiko\|last3=Taguchi\|first3=Kenichi\|last4=Kohashi\|first4=Kenichi\|last5=Hatanaka\|first5=Yui\|last6=Yamashita\|first6=Atsushi\|last7=Mori\|first7=Daisuke\|last8=Oda\|first8=Yoshinao\|date=2016-07\|title=ALK, ROS1 and NTRK3 gene rearrangements in inflammatory myofibroblastic tumours\|url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26647767\|journal=Histopathology\|volume=69\|issue=1\|pages=72–83\|doi=10.1111/his.12910\|issn=1365-2559\|pmid=26647767}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal\|last=Lovly\|first=Christine M.\|last2=Gupta\|first2=Abha\|last3=Lipson\|first3=Doron\|last4=Otto\|first4=Geoff\|last5=Brennan\|first5=Tina\|last6=Chung\|first6=Catherine T.\|last7=Borinstein\|first7=Scott C.\|last8=Ross\|first8=Jeffrey S.\|last9=Stephens\|first9=Philip J.\|date=2014-08\|title=Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors harbor multiple potentially actionable kinase fusions\|url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24875859\|journal=Cancer Discovery\|volume=4\|issue=8\|pages=889–895\|doi=10.1158/2159-8290.CD-14-0377\|issn=2159-8290\|pmc=4125481\|pmid=24875859}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal\|last=Alassiri\|first=Ali H.\|last2=Ali\|first2=Rola H.\|last3=Shen\|first3=Yaoqing\|last4=Lum\|first4=Amy\|last5=Strahlendorf\|first5=Caron\|last6=Deyell\|first6=Rebecca\|last7=Rassekh\|first7=Rod\|last8=Sorensen\|first8=Poul H.\|last9=Laskin\|first9=Janessa\|date=2016-08\|title=ETV6-NTRK3 Is Expressed in a Subset of ALK-Negative Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumors\|url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27259007\|journal=The American Journal of Surgical Pathology\|volume=40\|issue=8\|pages=1051–1061\|doi=10.1097/PAS.0000000000000677\|issn=1532-0979\|pmid=27259007}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal\|last=Antonescu\|first=Cristina R.\|last2=Suurmeijer\|first2=Albert J. H.\|last3=Zhang\|first3=Lei\|last4=Sung\|first4=Yun-Shao\|last5=Jungbluth\|first5=Achim A.\|last6=Travis\|first6=William D.\|last7=Al-Ahmadie\|first7=Hikmat\|last8=Fletcher\|first8=Christopher D. M.\|last9=Alaggio\|first9=Rita\|date=2015-07\|title=Molecular characterization of inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors with frequent ALK and ROS1 gene fusions and rare novel RET rearrangement\|url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25723109\|journal=The American Journal of Surgical Pathology\|volume=39\|issue=7\|pages=957–967\|doi=10.1097/PAS.0000000000000404\|issn=1532-0979\|pmc=4465992\|pmid=25723109}}</ref> <span style="color:#0070C0">(''Instructions: Details on clinical significance such as prognosis and other important information can be provided in the notes section. Please include references throughout the table. Do not delete the table.'')</span>
	{\| class="wikitable sortable"		{\| class="wikitable sortable"
	\|-		\|-
Line 104:		Line 104:
	\|Fusions result in constitutive activation of the ''RET'' tyrosine kinase.		\|Fusions result in constitutive activation of the ''RET'' tyrosine kinase.
	\|Rearrangements of the ''RET'' gene locus at 10q11.		\|Rearrangements of the ''RET'' gene locus at 10q11.
			\|Rare
			\|D, T
			\|
			\|
			\|-
			\|''IGF1R''
			\|
			\|Fusions result in constitutive activation of the ''IGF1R'' tyrosine kinase.
			\|Rearrangements of the ''IGF1R'' gene locus at 15q26.
	\|Rare		\|Rare
	\|D, T		\|D, T