Compendium of Cancer Genome Aberrations

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[[BRST5:Table_of_Contents|Breast Tumours (WHO Classification, 5th ed.)]]
==Primary Author(s)*==
==Primary Author(s)*==
H. Evin Gulbahce, MD and Katherine Geiersbach, MD
==WHO Classification of Disease==


__TOC__
{| class="wikitable"
 
!Structure
==Cancer Category/Type==
!Disease
 
Breast
 
==Cancer Sub-Classification / Subtype==
 
Put your text here
 
==Definition / Description of Disease==
 
Put your text here
 
==Synonyms / Terminology==
 
Put your text here
 
==Epidemiology / Prevalence==
 
Put your text here
 
==Clinical Features==
 
Put your text here
 
==Sites of Involvement==
 
Put your text here
 
==Morphologic Features==
 
Put your text here
 
==Immunophenotype==
 
Put your text here and/or fill in the table
 
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
|-
! Finding  !! Marker
|Book
|Breast Tumours (5th ed.)
|-
|-
|Positive (universal) || EXAMPLE CD1
|Category
|Fibroepithelial tumours and hamartomas of the breast
|-
|-
|Positive (subset) || EXAMPLE CD2
|Family
|Fibroepithelial tumours and hamartomas of the breast: Introduction
|-
|-
|Negative (universal) || EXAMPLE CD3
|Type
|Fibroadenoma
|-
|-
|Negative (subset) || EXAMPLE CD4
|Subtype(s)
|N/A
|}
|}


==Chromosomal Rearrangements (Gene Fusions)==
==Related Terminology==


Put your text here and/or fill in the table
{| class="wikitable"
|+
|Acceptable
|N/A
|-
|Not Recommended
|Adenofibroma
|}


==Gene Rearrangements==
<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable"
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
|-
! Chromosomal Rearrangement !! Genes in Fusion (5’ or 3’ Segments) !! Pathogenic Derivative !! Prevalence
!Driver Gene!!Fusion(s) and Common Partner Genes!!Molecular Pathogenesis!!Typical Chromosomal Alteration(s)
!Prevalence -Common >20%, Recurrent 5-20% or Rare <5% (Disease)
!Diagnostic, Prognostic, and Therapeutic Significance - D, P, T
!Established Clinical Significance Per Guidelines - Yes or No (Source)
!Clinical Relevance Details/Other Notes
|-
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
|EXAMPLE t(9;22)(q34;q11.2) || EXAMPLE 3'ABL1 / 5'BCR || EXAMPLE der(22) || EXAMPLE 5%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
|EXAMPLE t(8;21)(q22;q22) || EXAMPLE 5'RUNX1 / 3'RUNXT1 || EXAMPLE der(8) || EXAMPLE 5%
|
|}
|
|
==Characteristic Chromosomal Aberrations / Patterns==
|
 
|
Put your text here
|
 
|
==Genomic Gain/Loss/LOH==
|
 
|}
Put your text here and/or fill in the table
==Individual Region Genomic Gain/Loss/LOH==
 
<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable"
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
|-
! Chromosome Number !! Gain/Loss/Amp/LOH !! Region
!Chr #!!Gain, Loss, Amp, LOH!!Minimal Region Cytoband and/or Genomic Coordinates [Genome Build; Size]!!Relevant Gene(s)
!Diagnostic, Prognostic, and Therapeutic Significance - D, P, T
!Established Clinical Significance Per Guidelines - Yes or No (Source)
!Clinical Relevance Details/Other Notes
|-
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|}
==Characteristic Chromosomal or Other Global Mutational Patterns==
<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
|-
|EXAMPLE 8 || EXAMPLE Gain || EXAMPLE chr8:0-1000000
!Chromosomal Pattern
!Molecular Pathogenesis
!Prevalence -  
Common >20%, Recurrent 5-20% or Rare <5% (Disease)
!Diagnostic, Prognostic, and Therapeutic Significance - D, P, T
!Established Clinical Significance Per Guidelines - Yes or No (Source)
!Clinical Relevance Details/Other Notes
|-
|-
|EXAMPLE 7 || EXAMPLE Loss || EXAMPLE chr7:0-1000000
|
|}
|
|
|
|
|
|}
==Gene Mutations (SNV/INDEL)==
==Gene Mutations (SNV/INDEL)==
 
<br />
Put your text here and/or fill in the tables
 
{| class="wikitable sortable"
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
|-
! Gene !! Mutation !! Oncogene/Tumor Suppressor/Other !! Presumed Mechanism (LOF/GOF/Other; Driver/Passenger) !! Prevalence (COSMIC/TCGA/Other)
!Gene!!Genetic Alteration!!Tumor Suppressor Gene, Oncogene, Other!!Prevalence -
Common >20%, Recurrent 5-20% or Rare <5% (Disease)
!Diagnostic, Prognostic, and Therapeutic Significance - D, P, T  
!Established Clinical Significance Per Guidelines - Yes or No (Source)
!Clinical Relevance Details/Other Notes
|-
|''MED12''
|
|Oncogene
|Common
|D
|
|G44 hotspot mutations<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Tan|first=Jing|last2=Ong|first2=Choon Kiat|last3=Lim|first3=Weng Khong|last4=Ng|first4=Cedric Chuan Young|last5=Thike|first5=Aye Aye|last6=Ng|first6=Ley Moy|last7=Rajasegaran|first7=Vikneswari|last8=Myint|first8=Swe Swe|last9=Nagarajan|first9=Sanjanaa|date=2015-11|title=Genomic landscapes of breast fibroepithelial tumors|url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26437033|journal=Nature Genetics|volume=47|issue=11|pages=1341–1345|doi=10.1038/ng.3409|issn=1546-1718|pmid=26437033}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Sim|first=Yirong|last2=Ng|first2=Gwendolene Xin Pei|last3=Ng|first3=Cedric Chuan Young|last4=Rajasegaran|first4=Vikneswari|last5=Wong|first5=Suet Far|last6=Liu|first6=Wei|last7=Guan|first7=Peiyong|last8=Nagarajan|first8=Sanjanaa|last9=Ng|first9=Wai Yee|date=2019-10-23|title=A novel genomic panel as an adjunctive diagnostic tool for the characterization and profiling of breast Fibroepithelial lesions|url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31647027|journal=BMC medical genomics|volume=12|issue=1|pages=142|doi=10.1186/s12920-019-0588-2|issn=1755-8794|pmc=6813086|pmid=31647027}}</ref>
|-
|''TERT''
|
|Oncogene
|Recurrent
|
|
|Associated with juvenile fibroadenoma<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|last=Jorns|first=Julie M.|last2=Farooq|first2=Ayesha|last3=Puzyrenko|first3=Andrii|last4=Jarzembowski|first4=Jason|last5=Thike|first5=Aye Aye|last6=Nasir|first6=Nur Diyana Md|last7=Ng|first7=Cedric Chuan Young|last8=Liu|first8=Wei|last9=Lee|first9=Jing Yi|date=2023-09|title=Giant juvenile fibroadenomas with and without prominent pseudoangiomatous stromal hyperplasia (PASH)-like change: clinicopathological and molecular characteristics|url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37140543|journal=Histopathology|volume=83|issue=3|pages=357–365|doi=10.1111/his.14935|issn=1365-2559|pmid=37140543}}</ref>
|-
|''RARA''
|
|Oncogene
|Recurrent
|
|
|Frequently co-mutated with MED12<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Tan|first=Jing|last2=Ong|first2=Choon Kiat|last3=Lim|first3=Weng Khong|last4=Ng|first4=Cedric Chuan Young|last5=Thike|first5=Aye Aye|last6=Ng|first6=Ley Moy|last7=Rajasegaran|first7=Vikneswari|last8=Myint|first8=Swe Swe|last9=Nagarajan|first9=Sanjanaa|date=2015-11|title=Genomic landscapes of breast fibroepithelial tumors|url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26437033|journal=Nature Genetics|volume=47|issue=11|pages=1341–1345|doi=10.1038/ng.3409|issn=1546-1718|pmid=26437033}}</ref>
|-
|''EGFR''
|
|Oncogene
|Rare
|
|
|
|-
|''TP53''
|
|Tumor Suppressor Gene
|Common
|
|
|Associated with juvenile fibroadenoma and stromal PASH-like changes<ref name=":0" />
|-
|''PIK3CA''
|
|Oncogene
|Rare
|
|
|
|-
|''KMT2D''
|
|Tumor Suppressor Gene
|Recurrent
|
|
|
|-
|''NF1''
|
|Tumor Suppressor Gene
|Rare
|
|
|
|-
|-
| EXAMPLE TP53 || EXAMPLE R273H || EXAMPLE Tumor Suppressor || EXAMPLE LOF || EXAMPLE 20%
|''SETD2''
|}
|
|Other
===Other Mutations===
|Common
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|D
|
|Associated with juvenile fibroadenoma and PASH-like changes<ref name=":0" />
|-
|-
! Type !! Gene/Region/Other
|''FLNA''
|
|Oncogene
|Common
|D
|
|Associated with juvenile fibroadenoma<ref name=":0" />
|-
|-
| Concomitant Mutations || EXAMPLE IDH1 R123H
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|}Note: A more extensive list of mutations can be found in [https://www.cbioportal.org/ <u>cBioportal</u>], [https://cancer.sanger.ac.uk/cosmic <u>COSMIC</u>], and/or other databases. When applicable, gene-specific pages within the CCGA site directly link to pertinent external content.
==Epigenomic Alterations==
<br />
==Genes and Main Pathways Involved==
<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
|-
| Secondary Mutations || EXAMPLE Trisomy 7
!Gene; Genetic Alteration!!Pathway!!Pathophysiologic Outcome
|-
|-
|Mutually Exclusive || EXAMPLE EGFR Amplification
|
|
|
|}
|}
 
==Genetic Diagnostic Testing Methods==
==Epigenomics (Methylation)==
Next generation sequencing, PCR based testing with Sanger sequencing.<br />
 
Put your text here
 
==Genes and Main Pathways Involved==
 
Put your text here
 
==Diagnostic Testing Methods==
 
Put your text here
 
==Clinical Significance (Diagnosis, Prognosis and Therapeutic Implications)==
 
Put your text here
 
==Familial Forms==
==Familial Forms==
 
Women with Carney complex due to an inherited pathogenic variant in PRKAR1A can develop myxoid fibroadenomas, which appear genetically distinct from conventional fibroadenomas.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Carney|first=J. A.|last2=Toorkey|first2=B. C.|date=1991-08|title=Myxoid fibroadenoma and allied conditions (myxomatosis) of the breast. A heritable disorder with special associations including cardiac and cutaneous myxomas|url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2069209|journal=The American Journal of Surgical Pathology|volume=15|issue=8|pages=713–721|doi=10.1097/00000478-199108000-00001|issn=0147-5185|pmid=2069209}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Lozada|first=John R.|last2=Burke|first2=Kathleen A.|last3=Maguire|first3=Aoife|last4=Pareja|first4=Fresia|last5=Lim|first5=Raymond S.|last6=Kim|first6=Jisun|last7=Gularte-Merida|first7=Rodrigo|last8=Murray|first8=Melissa P.|last9=Brogi|first9=Edi|date=2017-10|title=Myxoid fibroadenomas differ from conventional fibroadenomas: a hypothesis-generating study|url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28513873|journal=Histopathology|volume=71|issue=4|pages=626–634|doi=10.1111/his.13258|issn=1365-2559|pmc=5597459|pmid=28513873}}</ref> Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome has been associated with the development of fibroadenomas in young patients.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Poh|first=Melissa M.|last2=Ballard|first2=Tiffany N.|last3=Wendel|first3=J. Jason|date=2010-06|title=Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome and juvenile fibroadenoma: a case report|url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20506580|journal=Annals of Plastic Surgery|volume=64|issue=6|pages=803–806|doi=10.1097/sap.0b013e3181b025f6|issn=1536-3708|pmid=20506580}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Raine|first=P. A.|last2=Noblett|first2=H. R.|last3=Houghton-Allen|first3=B. W.|last4=Campbell|first4=P. E.|date=1979-04|title=Breast fibroadenoma and cardiac anomaly associated with EMG (Beckwith-Wiedemann) syndrome|url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/430311|journal=The Journal of Pediatrics|volume=94|issue=4|pages=633–634|doi=10.1016/s0022-3476(79)80039-6|issn=0022-3476|pmid=430311}}</ref><br />
Put your text here
==Additional Information==
 
<br />
==Other Information==
 
Put your text here
 
==Links==
==Links==
 
https://www.pathologyoutlines.com/topic/breastfibroadenoma.html
Put your links here
 
==References==
==References==
<br /><references />


=== EXAMPLE Book ===
==Notes==
#Arber DA, et al., (2008). Acute myeloid leukaemia with recurrent genetic abnormalities, in World Health Organization Classification of Tumours of Haematopoietic and Lymphoid Tissues, 4thedition.Swerdlow SH, Campo E, Harris NL, Jaffe ES, Pileri SA, Stein H, Thiele J, Vardiman JW, Editors. IARC Press: Lyon, France, p117-118.
<nowiki>*</nowiki>Primary authors will typically be those that initially create and complete the content of a page.  If a subsequent user modifies the content and feels the effort put forth is of high enough significance to warrant listing in the authorship section, please contact the [[Leadership|''<u>Associate Editor</u>'']] or other CCGA representative.  When pages have a major update, the new author will be acknowledged at the beginning of the page, and those who contributed previously will be acknowledged below as a prior author.  
 
=== EXAMPLE Journal Article ===
#Li Y, et al., (2001). Fusion of two novel genes, RBM15 and MKL1, in the t(1;22)(p13;q13) of acute megakaryoblastic leukemia. Nat Genet 28:220-221, PMID 11431691.


== Notes ==
Prior Author(s):
<nowiki>*</nowiki>Primary authors will typically be those that initially create and complete the content of a page. If a subsequent user modifies the content and feels the effort put forth is of high enough significance to warrant listing in the authorship section, please contact the CCGA coordinators (contact information provided on the homepage). Additional global feedback or concerns are also welcome.
<nowiki>*</nowiki>''Citation of this Page'': “Fibroadenoma”. Compendium of Cancer Genome Aberrations (CCGA), Cancer Genomics Consortium (CGC), updated {{REVISIONMONTH}}/{{REVISIONDAY}}/{{REVISIONYEAR}}, <nowiki>https://ccga.io/index.php/BRST5:Fibroadenoma</nowiki>.
[[Category:BRST5]]
[[Category:DISEASE]]
[[Category:Diseases F]]
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