HAEM5:Extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma: Difference between revisions
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{{DISPLAYTITLE:Extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma}} | {{DISPLAYTITLE:Extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma}} | ||
[[HAEM5:Table_of_Contents|Haematolymphoid Tumours (WHO Classification, 5th ed.)]] | [[HAEM5:Table_of_Contents|Haematolymphoid Tumours (WHO Classification, 5th ed.)]] | ||
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Amanda Xu, MD, Queen's University | Amanda Xu, MD, Queen's University | ||
==WHO Classification of Disease== | ==WHO Classification of Disease== | ||
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|- | |- | ||
|Subtype(s) | |Subtype(s) | ||
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|} | |} | ||
==Related Terminology== | |||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
| | |+ | ||
| | |Acceptable | ||
|Extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type; EBV-positive extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma | |||
|- | |- | ||
| | |Not Recommended | ||
| | |Angiocentric lymphoma; lethal midline granuloma | ||
|} | |} | ||
== | ==Gene Rearrangements== | ||
{| class="wikitable sortable" | {| class="wikitable sortable" | ||
|- | |- | ||
! | !Driver Gene!!Fusion(s) and Common Partner Genes!!Molecular Pathogenesis!!Typical Chromosomal Alteration(s) | ||
!Prevalence -Common >20%, Recurrent 5-20% or Rare <5% (Disease) | |||
!Diagnostic, Prognostic, and Therapeutic Significance - D, P, T | |||
!Established Clinical Significance Per Guidelines - Yes or No (Source) | |||
!Clinical Relevance Details/Other Notes | |||
|- | |- | ||
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==Individual Region Genomic Gain/Loss/LOH== | |||
{| class="wikitable sortable" | |||
|- | |- | ||
!Chr #!!Gain, Loss, Amp, LOH!!Minimal Region Cytoband and/or Genomic Coordinates [Genome Build; Size]!!Relevant Gene(s) | |||
!Diagnostic, Prognostic, and Therapeutic Significance - D, P, T | |||
!Established Clinical Significance Per Guidelines - Yes or No (Source) | |||
!Clinical Relevance Details/Other Notes | |||
|- | |- | ||
| | |<span class="blue-text">EXAMPLE:</span> | ||
7 | |||
|<span class="blue-text">EXAMPLE:</span> Loss | |||
|<span class="blue-text">EXAMPLE:</span> | |||
chr7 | |||
|<span class="blue-text">EXAMPLE:</span> | |||
Unknown | |||
|<span class="blue-text">EXAMPLE:</span> D, P | |||
|<span class="blue-text">EXAMPLE:</span> No | |||
|<span class="blue-text">EXAMPLE:</span> | |||
Presence of monosomy 7 (or 7q deletion) is sufficient for a diagnosis of AML with MDS-related changes when there is ≥20% blasts and no prior therapy (add reference). Monosomy 7/7q deletion is associated with a poor prognosis in AML (add references). | |||
|- | |- | ||
| | |<span class="blue-text">EXAMPLE:</span> | ||
8 | |||
|<span class="blue-text">EXAMPLE:</span> Gain | |||
|<span class="blue-text">EXAMPLE:</span> | |||
chr8 | |||
|<span class="blue-text">EXAMPLE:</span> | |||
Unknown | |||
|<span class="blue-text">EXAMPLE:</span> D, P | |||
| | |||
|<span class="blue-text">EXAMPLE:</span> | |||
Common recurrent secondary finding for t(8;21) (add references). | |||
|- | |- | ||
| | |<span class="blue-text">EXAMPLE:</span> | ||
| | 17 | ||
|<span class="blue-text">EXAMPLE:</span> Amp | |||
|<span class="blue-text">EXAMPLE:</span> | |||
<span | 17q12; chr17:39,700,064-39,728,658 [hg38; 28.6 kb] | ||
|<span class="blue-text">EXAMPLE:</span> | |||
''ERBB2'' | |||
|<span class="blue-text">EXAMPLE:</span> D, P, T | |||
| | | | ||
|<span class="blue-text">EXAMPLE:</span> | |||
Amplification of ''ERBB2'' is associated with HER2 overexpression in HER2 positive breast cancer (add references). Add criteria for how amplification is defined. | |||
|- | |- | ||
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|} | |} | ||
{| class="wikitable sortable" | {| class="wikitable sortable" | ||
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==Characteristic Chromosomal or Other Global Mutational Patterns== | ==Characteristic Chromosomal or Other Global Mutational Patterns== | ||
{| class="wikitable sortable" | |||
|- | |||
!Chromosomal Pattern | |||
!Molecular Pathogenesis | |||
!Prevalence - | |||
Common >20%, Recurrent 5-20% or Rare <5% (Disease) | |||
!Diagnostic, Prognostic, and Therapeutic Significance - D, P, T | |||
!Established Clinical Significance Per Guidelines - Yes or No (Source) | |||
!Clinical Relevance Details/Other Notes | |||
|- | |||
|<span class="blue-text">EXAMPLE:</span> | |||
Co-deletion of 1p and 18q | |||
|<span class="blue-text">EXAMPLE:</span> See chromosomal rearrangements table as this pattern is due to an unbalanced derivative translocation associated with oligodendroglioma (add reference). | |||
|<span class="blue-text">EXAMPLE:</span> Common (Oligodendroglioma) | |||
|<span class="blue-text">EXAMPLE:</span> D, P | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
|<span class="blue-text">EXAMPLE:</span> | |||
Microsatellite instability - hypermutated | |||
| | |||
|<span class="blue-text">EXAMPLE:</span> Common (Endometrial carcinoma) | |||
|<span class="blue-text">EXAMPLE:</span> P, T | |||
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{| class="wikitable sortable" | {| class="wikitable sortable" | ||
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|N/A | |N/A | ||
|} | |} | ||
==Gene Mutations (SNV/INDEL)== | ==Gene Mutations (SNV/INDEL)== | ||
{| class="wikitable sortable" | |||
|- | |||
!Gene!!Genetic Alteration!!Tumor Suppressor Gene, Oncogene, Other!!Prevalence - | |||
Common >20%, Recurrent 5-20% or Rare <5% (Disease) | |||
!Diagnostic, Prognostic, and Therapeutic Significance - D, P, T | |||
!Established Clinical Significance Per Guidelines - Yes or No (Source) | |||
!Clinical Relevance Details/Other Notes | |||
|- | |||
|<span class="blue-text">EXAMPLE:</span>''EGFR'' | |||
<br /> | |||
|<span class="blue-text">EXAMPLE:</span> Exon 18-21 activating mutations | |||
|<span class="blue-text">EXAMPLE:</span> Oncogene | |||
|<span class="blue-text">EXAMPLE:</span> Common (lung cancer) | |||
|<span class="blue-text">EXAMPLE:</span> T | |||
|<span class="blue-text">EXAMPLE:</span> Yes (NCCN) | |||
|<span class="blue-text">EXAMPLE:</span> Exons 18, 19, and 21 mutations are targetable for therapy. Exon 20 T790M variants cause resistance to first generation TKI therapy and are targetable by second and third generation TKIs (add references). | |||
|- | |||
|<span class="blue-text">EXAMPLE:</span> ''TP53''; Variable LOF mutations | |||
<br /> | |||
|<span class="blue-text">EXAMPLE:</span> Variable LOF mutations | |||
|<span class="blue-text">EXAMPLE:</span> Tumor Supressor Gene | |||
|<span class="blue-text">EXAMPLE:</span> Common (breast cancer) | |||
|<span class="blue-text">EXAMPLE:</span> P | |||
| | |||
|<span class="blue-text">EXAMPLE:</span> >90% are somatic; rare germline alterations associated with Li-Fraumeni syndrome (add reference). Denotes a poor prognosis in breast cancer. | |||
|- | |||
|<span class="blue-text">EXAMPLE:</span> ''BRAF''; Activating mutations | |||
|<span class="blue-text">EXAMPLE:</span> Activating mutations | |||
|<span class="blue-text">EXAMPLE:</span> Oncogene | |||
|<span class="blue-text">EXAMPLE:</span> Common (melanoma) | |||
|<span class="blue-text">EXAMPLE:</span> T | |||
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{| class="wikitable sortable" | {| class="wikitable sortable" | ||
|- | |- | ||
!Gene; Genetic Alteration!! | !Gene; Genetic Alteration!!Presumed Mechanism (Tumor Suppressor Gene [TSG] / Oncogene / Other)!!Prevalence (COSMIC / TCGA / Other)!!Concomitant Mutations!!Mutually Exclusive Mutations | ||
! | !Diagnostic Significance (Yes, No or Unknown) | ||
!Prognostic Significance (Yes, No or Unknown) | !Prognostic Significance (Yes, No or Unknown) | ||
!Therapeutic Significance (Yes, No or Unknown) | !Therapeutic Significance (Yes, No or Unknown) | ||
| Line 509: | Line 541: | ||
==Additional Information== | ==Additional Information== | ||
[[File:Extranodal NK T-cell lymphoma, nasal type.png|thumb|Extranodal NK T-cell lymphoma, nasal type (HPS). Angiocentric and angiodestructive growth pattern.]]This disease is <u>defined/characterized</u> as detailed below: | |||
*Lymphoma of NK or T-cell lineage strongly associated with Epstein-Barr virus<ref name=":6">{{Cite journal|last=Jaffe|first=E. S.|last2=Krenacs|first2=L.|last3=Kumar|first3=S.|last4=Kingma|first4=D. W.|last5=Raffeld|first5=M.|date=1999-01|title=Extranodal peripheral T-cell and NK-cell neoplasms|url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9894469|journal=American Journal of Clinical Pathology|volume=111|issue=1 Suppl 1|pages=S46–55|issn=0002-9173|pmid=9894469}}</ref>. The lineage (NK or T-cell) has no clinical significance<ref name=":16">{{Cite journal|last=Wang|first=Hua|last2=Fu|first2=Bi-Bo|last3=Gale|first3=Robert Peter|last4=Liang|first4=Yang|date=2021-09|title=NK-/T-cell lymphomas|url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34117356|journal=Leukemia|volume=35|issue=9|pages=2460–2468|doi=10.1038/s41375-021-01313-2|issn=1476-5551|pmc=8410593|pmid=34117356}}</ref>. | |||
*Divided into nasal and non-nasal types, the latter most often occurring in the skin and intestinal tract<ref name=":5">Chan J. K. C., et al., (2017). Extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type, in World Health Organization Classification of Tumours of Haematopoietic and Lymphoid Tissues, Revised 4th edition. Swerdlow SH, Campo E, Harris NL, Jaffe ES, Pileri SA, Stein H, Thiele J, Arber DA, Hasserjian RP, Le Beau MM, Orazi A, and Siebert R, Editors. Revised 4th Edition. IARC Press: Lyon, France, p.368-371.</ref><ref name=":6" />. | |||
*It is a destructive angiocentric disease characterized by vascular destruction and necrosis<ref name=":17">{{Cite journal|last=Aviles|first=A.|last2=Rodriguez|first2=L.|last3=Guzman|first3=R.|last4=Talavera|first4=A.|last5=Garcia|first5=E. L.|last6=Diaz-Maqueo|first6=J. C.|date=1992|title=Angiocentric T-cell lymphoma of the nose, paranasal sinuses and hard palate|url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1398510|journal=Hematological Oncology|volume=10|issue=3-4|pages=141–147|doi=10.1002/hon.2900100303|issn=0278-0232|pmid=1398510}}</ref>. | |||
*Differential diagnosis: sinonasal carcinomas and other lymphomas of the nasal cavity, such as diffuse large B-cell lymphoma<ref name=":18">{{Cite journal|last=Steele|first=Toby O.|last2=Buniel|first2=Maria C.|last3=Mace|first3=Jess C.|last4=El Rassi|first4=Edward|last5=Smith|first5=Timothy L.|date=2016-09|title=Lymphoma of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses: A case series|url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27657899|journal=American Journal of Rhinology & Allergy|volume=30|issue=5|pages=335–339|doi=10.2500/ajra.2016.30.4347|issn=1945-8932|pmid=27657899}}</ref>. | |||
The <u>epidemiology/prevalence</u> of this disease is detailed below: | |||
*Most prevalent in East Asia and Latin America. | |||
*Represents less than 1% of non-Hodgkin lymphomas in the United States | |||
**Highest incidence among Asian Pacific Islanders and Hispanic populations<ref name=":19">{{Cite journal|last=Haverkos|first=Bradley M.|last2=Pan|first2=Zenggang|last3=Gru|first3=Alejandro A.|last4=Freud|first4=Aharon G.|last5=Rabinovitch|first5=Rachel|last6=Xu-Welliver|first6=Meng|last7=Otto|first7=Brad|last8=Barrionuevo|first8=Carlos|last9=Baiocchi|first9=Robert A.|date=2016-12|title=Extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type (ENKTL-NT): An update on epidemiology, clinical presentation, and natural history in North American and European cases|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5199232/|journal=Current hematologic malignancy reports|volume=11|issue=6|pages=514–527|doi=10.1007/s11899-016-0355-9|issn=1558-8211|pmc=5199232|pmid=27778143}}</ref>. | |||
The <u>clinical features</u> of this disease are detailed below: [[File:Extranodal NK T-cell lymphoma, nasal type.vsi(17.8X) snapshot.png|thumb|Extranodal NK T-cell lymphoma, nasal type (HPS). Angiocentric and angiodestructive growth pattern.]] | |||
Signs and symptoms - Nasal mass, nasal obstruction, nasal bleeding; Hoarseness, dysphagia, halitosis, airway obstruction, dysphonia; Abdominal pain, GI bleeding, bowel perforation<ref name=":0">Thida AM, Gohari P. Extranodal NK-Cell Lymphoma. [Updated 2023 Jul 17]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2024 Jan-. Available from: <nowiki>https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK559207/</nowiki></ref>; B symptoms (fever, weight loss, night sweats) associated with higher clinical stage<ref name=":20">{{Cite journal|last=Takahara|first=Miki|last2=Kumai|first2=Takumi|last3=Kishibe|first3=Kan|last4=Nagato|first4=Toshihiro|last5=Harabuchi|first5=Yasuaki|date=2021-06-25|title=Extranodal NK/T-Cell Lymphoma, Nasal Type: Genetic, Biologic, and Clinical Aspects with a Central Focus on Epstein-Barr Virus Relation|url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34202088|journal=Microorganisms|volume=9|issue=7|pages=1381|doi=10.3390/microorganisms9071381|issn=2076-2607|pmc=8304202|pmid=34202088}}</ref> | |||
Laboratory findings - No specific findings; Cytopenias | |||
The <u>sites of involvement</u> of this disease are detailed below: | |||
*Most are nasal type involving the upper aerodigestive tract | |||
*Extranasal type may involve skin, testis, and gastrointestinal tract<ref name=":0" />. | |||
*Bone marrow involvement is uncommon<ref name=":21">{{Cite journal|last=Wong|first=K. F.|last2=Chan|first2=J. K.|last3=Cheung|first3=M. M.|last4=So|first4=J. C.|date=2001-02|title=Bone marrow involvement by nasal NK cell lymphoma at diagnosis is uncommon|url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11211616|journal=American Journal of Clinical Pathology|volume=115|issue=2|pages=266–270|doi=10.1309/E5PR-6A9R-Q02N-8QVW|issn=0002-9173|pmid=11211616}}</ref>. | |||
The <u>morphologic features</u> of this disease are detailed below: | |||
*Diffuse infiltrate composed of admixture of small, medium, or large and anaplastic cells. | |||
*Cells have irregularly folded nuclei and moderate pale cytoplasm. | |||
*Loss of mucosal glands. | |||
*Angiocentric and angiodestructive growth pattern with coagulative necrosis. | |||
*Usually see apoptotic cells and mitotic figures[[File:IHC NKTCL.png|thumb|Extranodal NK T-cell lymphoma stained with CD2 (top left), CD56 (red chromogen; top right), EBER in-situ hybridization (bottom left) and TIA1 (bottom right).]] | |||
N/A | The pitfalls can include: | ||
*Mucosal ulceration and superimposed inflammation can mimic an inflammatory process, particularly in less aggressive cases<ref name=":22">Devins, K., Schuster, S.J., Caponetti, G.C. ''et al.'' Rare case of low-grade extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type, arising in the setting of chronic rhinosinusitis and harboring a novel N-terminal ''KIT'' mutation. ''Diagn Pathol'' 13, 92 (2018). <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1186/s13000-018-0765-1</nowiki></ref>. | |||
*Pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia of the overlying mucosal epithelium can mimic squamous cell carcinoma<ref name=":23">{{Cite journal|last=Ling|first=Yi-Hong|last2=Zhu|first2=Chong-Mei|last3=Wen|first3=Shi-Hong|last4=Luo|first4=Rong-Zhen|last5=Li|first5=Peng|last6=Cao|first6=Yun|last7=Rao|first7=Hui-Lan|last8=Lin|first8=Su-Xia|last9=Cai|first9=Mu-Yan|date=2015-09|title=Pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia mimicking invasive squamous cell carcinoma in extranodal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma: a report of 34 cases|url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25619876|journal=Histopathology|volume=67|issue=3|pages=404–409|doi=10.1111/his.12656|issn=1365-2559|pmid=25619876}}</ref><ref name=":24">{{Cite journal|last=Xiang|first=Chun-Xiang|last2=Chen|first2=Zi-Hang|last3=Zhao|first3=Sha|last4=Gao|first4=Li-Min|last5=Tao|first5=Qing|last6=Zuo|first6=Zhuo|last7=Liu|first7=Xiao-Yu|last8=Liu|first8=Wei-Ping|date=2019-07|title=Laryngeal Extranodal Nasal-type Natural Killer/T-cell Lymphoma: A Clinicopathologic Study of 31 Cases in China|url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31045893|journal=The American Journal of Surgical Pathology|volume=43|issue=7|pages=995–1004|doi=10.1097/PAS.0000000000001266|issn=1532-0979|pmid=31045893}}</ref>. | |||
The <u>immunophenotype</u> of this disease is detailed below: | |||
Positive (universal) - EBER / EBV | |||
Positive (majority) - cytoplasmic CD3ε, CD2, CD56, granzyme B, and TIA-1 | |||
Positive (subset) - TCR αβ/γδ, HLA-DR, CD25, pSTAT3, CXCL13, IRF4/MUM1, CD16, Fas, FasL, MATK, CD30<ref name=":25">{{Cite journal|last=Li|first=Shaoying|last2=Feng|first2=Xiaoli|last3=Li|first3=Ting|last4=Zhang|first4=Shuang|last5=Zuo|first5=Zhuang|last6=Lin|first6=Pei|last7=Konoplev|first7=Sergej|last8=Bueso-Ramos|first8=Carlos E.|last9=Vega|first9=Francisco|date=2013-01|title=Extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type: a report of 73 cases at MD Anderson Cancer Center|url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23232851|journal=The American Journal of Surgical Pathology|volume=37|issue=1|pages=14–23|doi=10.1097/PAS.0b013e31826731b5|issn=1532-0979|pmid=23232851}}</ref><ref name=":26">{{Cite journal|last=Jhuang|first=Jie-Yang|last2=Chang|first2=Sheng-Tsung|last3=Weng|first3=Shih-Feng|last4=Pan|first4=Shien-Tung|last5=Chu|first5=Pei-Yi|last6=Hsieh|first6=Pin-Pen|last7=Wei|first7=Chih-Hsin|last8=Chou|first8=Shih-Cheng|last9=Koo|first9=Chiew-Loon|date=2015-02|title=Extranodal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type in Taiwan: a relatively higher frequency of T-cell lineage and poor survival for extranasal tumors|url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25554090|journal=Human Pathology|volume=46|issue=2|pages=313–321|doi=10.1016/j.humpath.2014.11.008|issn=1532-8392|pmid=25554090}}</ref><ref name=":27">{{Cite journal|last=Pongpruttipan|first=Tawatchai|last2=Sukpanichnant|first2=Sanya|last3=Assanasen|first3=Thamathorn|last4=Wannakrairot|first4=Pongsak|last5=Boonsakan|first5=Paisarn|last6=Kanoksil|first6=Wasana|last7=Kayasut|first7=Kanita|last8=Mitarnun|first8=Winyou|last9=Khuhapinant|first9=Archrob|date=2012-04|title=Extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type, includes cases of natural killer cell and αβ, γδ, and αβ/γδ T-cell origin: a comprehensive clinicopathologic and phenotypic study|url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22314189|journal=The American Journal of Surgical Pathology|volume=36|issue=4|pages=481–499|doi=10.1097/PAS.0b013e31824433d8|issn=1532-0979|pmid=22314189}}</ref><ref name=":28">{{Cite journal|last=Jaffe|first=E. S.|last2=Chan|first2=J. K.|last3=Su|first3=I. J.|last4=Frizzera|first4=G.|last5=Mori|first5=S.|last6=Feller|first6=A. C.|last7=Ho|first7=F. C.|date=1996-01|title=Report of the Workshop on Nasal and Related Extranodal Angiocentric T/Natural Killer Cell Lymphomas. Definitions, differential diagnosis, and epidemiology|url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8540601|journal=The American Journal of Surgical Pathology|volume=20|issue=1|pages=103–111|doi=10.1097/00000478-199601000-00012|issn=0147-5185|pmid=8540601}}</ref><ref name=":29">{{Cite journal|last=Ohshima|first=K.|last2=Suzumiya|first2=J.|last3=Shimazaki|first3=K.|last4=Kato|first4=A.|last5=Tanaka|first5=T.|last6=Kanda|first6=M.|last7=Kikuchi|first7=M.|date=1997-11|title=Nasal T/NK cell lymphomas commonly express perforin and Fas ligand: important mediators of tissue damage|url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9416485|journal=Histopathology|volume=31|issue=5|pages=444–450|doi=10.1046/j.1365-2559.1997.2880887.x|issn=0309-0167|pmid=9416485}}</ref><ref name=":30">{{Cite journal|last=Takata|first=Katsuyoshi|last2=Hong|first2=Min-Eui|last3=Sitthinamsuwan|first3=Panitta|last4=Loong|first4=Florence|last5=Tan|first5=Soo-Yong|last6=Liau|first6=Jau-Yu|last7=Hsieh|first7=Pin-Pen|last8=Ng|first8=Siok-Bian|last9=Yang|first9=Sheau-Fang|date=2015-01|title=Primary cutaneous NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type and CD56-positive peripheral T-cell lymphoma: a cellular lineage and clinicopathologic study of 60 patients from Asia|url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25188863|journal=The American Journal of Surgical Pathology|volume=39|issue=1|pages=1–12|doi=10.1097/PAS.0000000000000312|issn=1532-0979|pmid=25188863}}</ref><ref name=":31">{{Cite journal|last=Kuo|first=Tseng-Tong|last2=Shih|first2=Lee-Yung|last3=Tsang|first3=Ngan-Ming|date=2004-10|title=Nasal NK/T cell lymphoma in Taiwan: a clinicopathologic study of 22 cases, with analysis of histologic subtypes, Epstein-Barr virus LMP-1 gene association, and treatment modalities|url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15494863|journal=International Journal of Surgical Pathology|volume=12|issue=4|pages=375–387|doi=10.1177/106689690401200410|issn=1066-8969|pmid=15494863}}</ref> | |||
Negative (universal) - CD4, CD8 | |||
Negative (subset) - Surface CD3 (subset of T-cell lineage)<ref name=":0" /> | |||
==Links== | ==Links== | ||