HAEM5:Aggressive NK-cell leukaemia: Difference between revisions

* Aggressive NK-cell leukaemia is a malignant proliferation of NK-cells, often associated with EBV infection, however, a subset of cases could be EBV negative. The disease has an extremely aggressive clinical course with poor response to chemotherapy, frequent relapses noted in patient who have had previously achieved complete remission (+/- bone marrow transplantation).

* Aggressive NK-cell leukaemia impacts young to middle-aged adults with peak incidence during 3rd and 5th decades of life (Mean age: 40 years).<ref name=":1" /> There is no gender predilection and most prevalent in Asia, Central and South America.<ref name=":0" /> Median survival is very short, <2 months. EBV-negative cases tend to occur in older patients, with no significant difference in Asian vs. non-Asian populations.<ref name=":2" /> EBV-negative cases may occur de novo or transform from chronic lymphoproliferative disorder of NK cells.'''''<ref name=":4">{{Cite journal|last=Kim|first=Wook Youn|last2=Montes-Mojarro|first2=Ivonne A.|last3=Fend|first3=Falko|last4=Quintanilla-Martinez|first4=Leticia|date=2019|title=Epstein-Barr Virus-Associated T and NK-Cell Lymphoproliferative Diseases|url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30931288|journal=Frontiers in Pediatrics|volume=7|pages=71|doi=10.3389/fped.2019.00071|issn=2296-2360|pmc=6428722|pmid=30931288}}</ref>'''''

* Most common presentation is with constitutional symptoms and frequently associated hepatosplenomegaly is noted on physical examination.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":4" />  EBV-negative cases may occur ''de novo'' or transform from chronic lymphoproliferative disorder of NK cells.

* Peripheral blood, bone marrow, liver, spleen, and lymph nodes are frequently involved. Extranodal involvement sites are organs including skin, lungs, soft tissue and omentum has also been reported.<ref name=":5">{{Cite journal|last=Hue|first=Susan Swee-Shan|last2=Oon|first2=Ming Liang|last3=Wang|first3=Shi|last4=Tan|first4=Soo-Yong|last5=Ng|first5=Siok-Bian|date=2020-01|title=Epstein–Barr virus-associated T- and NK-cell lymphoproliferative diseases: an update and diagnostic approach|url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0031302519304210|journal=Pathology|language=en|volume=52|issue=1|pages=111–127|doi=10.1016/j.pathol.2019.09.011}}</ref>

* The leukaemic cells show demonstrate the following phenotypic expression.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":0" />

[[Hepatosplenic T-cell Lymphoma (HSTCL)]]

[[Chronic lymphoproliferative disorder of natural killer cells (CLPD-NK)]]