HAEM5:Acute basophilic leukaemia: Difference between revisions

Clinical features include bone marrow failure and may or may not have circulating blasts.  Cutaneous involvement, oraganomegaly, lytic lesions and symptoms related to hyperhistanemia may be present<ref name=":0" />.

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==Sites of Involvement==

No consistent chromosomal abnormalities have been reported in ABL due to its rarity<ref name=":3">Yenamandra A, et al., (2014). Acute basophilic leukemia, a rare subset of de novo AML with an abnormal tetraploid karyotype. JSM Cell Dev Biol 2(1):1007.  Available online at <nowiki>https://www.academia.edu/28924195/Editorial_Article_Acute_Basophilic_Leukemia_a_Rare_Subset_of_De_Novo_AML_with_an_Abnormal_Tetraploid_Karyotype</nowiki>.</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite journal|last=Dastugue|first=N.|last2=Duchayne|first2=E.|last3=Kuhlein|first3=E.|last4=Rubie|first4=H.|last5=Demur|first5=C.|last6=Aurich|first6=J.|last7=Robert|first7=A.|last8=Sie|first8=P.|date=1997|title=Acute basophilic leukaemia and translocation t(X;6)(p11;q23)|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9233581|journal=British Journal of Haematology|volume=98|issue=1|pages=170–176|doi=10.1046/j.1365-2141.1997.1562968.x|issn=0007-1048|pmid=9233581}}</ref><ref name=":5">{{Cite journal|last=Quelen|first=Cathy|last2=Lippert|first2=Eric|last3=Struski|first3=Stephanie|last4=Demur|first4=Cécile|last5=Soler|first5=Gwendoline|last6=Prade|first6=Nais|last7=Delabesse|first7=Eric|last8=Broccardo|first8=Cyril|last9=Dastugue|first9=Nicole|date=2011|title=Identification of a transforming MYB-GATA1 fusion gene in acute basophilic leukemia: a new entity in male infants|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21474671|journal=Blood|volume=117|issue=21|pages=5719–5722|doi=10.1182/blood-2011-01-333013|issn=1528-0020|pmid=21474671}}</ref>.  Rearrangement of MYB/GATA1 with t(X;6)(p11;q23) has been reported in four male infants<ref name=":4" /><ref name=":5" />.  The fusion gene leads to downregulation of ''MYB'', upregulation of ''GATA1'', and commits myeloid cells to the granulocyte lineage and blocks their differentiation<ref name=":4" /><ref name=":5" />.

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* Individual Region Genomic Gain/Loss/LOH

* Characteristic Chromosomal Patterns

Diagnosis of this disease may allow for appropriate prophylactic measures, including H1 and H2 blockers and proton pump inhibitors and steroids, to be initiated in an attempt to minimize its protean complications<ref name=":0" />.

This disease is prognostically unfavorable and may have unique therapeutic complications, including anaphylaxis and life threatening cardiac involvement.  A low remission rate and short survival are characteristic of ABL<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":3" /><ref name=":4" />.

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==Individual Region Genomic Gain / Loss / LOH==

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Not applicable.

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==Characteristic Chromosomal Patterns==

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A few male patients have been reported with massive hyperdiploid or tetraploid karyotypes<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" /><ref name=":3" /><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Kim|first=Bo Hyun|last2=Kim|first2=Hye Ryoun|last3=Lee|first3=Mi-Kyung|last4=Chi|first4=Hyunyoung|date=2013|title=Two cases of near-tetraploidy in acute leukemias of ambiguous lineage|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24003431|journal=Annals of Laboratory Medicine|volume=33|issue=5|pages=371–374|doi=10.3343/alm.2013.33.5.371|issn=2234-3814|pmc=3756245|pmid=24003431}}</ref>. Monosomy 7 was reported in a rare case<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Shin|first=So Youn|last2=Koo|first2=Sun Hoe|last3=Kwon|first3=Kye Cheol|last4=Park|first4=Jong Woo|last5=Ko|first5=Chi Seon|last6=Jo|first6=Deog Yeon|date=2007|title=Monosomy 7 as the sole abnormality of an acute basophilic leukemia|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17213028|journal=Cancer Genetics and Cytogenetics|volume=172|issue=2|pages=168–171|doi=10.1016/j.cancergencyto.2006.09.016|issn=0165-4608|pmid=17213028}}</ref>.

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==Gene Mutations (SNV / INDEL)==

Not applicable.

Not applicable.

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==Epigenomic Alterations==

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The molecular mechanism is not completely understood.

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==Genetic Diagnostic Testing Methods==